Sildenafil does not enhance but rather attenuates vasorelaxant effects of antidiabetic agents

Sildenafil does not enhance but rather attenuates vasorelaxant effects of antidiabetic agents

Type 2 diabetic men commonly experience erectile dysfunction for which phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors like sildenafil (Viagra) are often recommended. By preventing degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in vascular smooth muscle, these inhibitors also enhance arterial vasorelaxant effects of nitric oxide donors (which stimulate cGMP synthesis). In the present work, we confi...

Cognitive Offloading Does Not Prevent but Rather Promotes Cognitive Development

We investigate the relation between the development of reactive and cognitive capabilities. In particular we investigate whether the development of reactive capabilities prevents or promotes the development of cognitive capabilities in a population of evolving robots that have to solve a time-delay navigation task in a double T-Maze environment. Analysis of the experiments reveals that the evol...

Transmigration but Attenuates Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil CD47 Deficiency Does Not Impede

CEP2 Attenuates Myoblast Differentiation But Does Not Affect Proliferation

CEP2 (CDC42EP2) is a member of the CDC42 subfamily that belongs to the Rho family. The Rho family plays an important role in a variety of cellular processes including skeletal myogenesis. Here, we find the expression of CEP2 increased significantly during C2C12 myogenesis. Overexpression of CEP2 could attenuate myoblast differentiation, while knockdown of CEP2 by siRNA results in enhancing myog...

Vagotomy attenuates but does not prevent the somnogenic and febrile effects of lipopolysaccharide in rats.

The role of the vagus nerve in the somnogenic and pyrogenic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied in rats. Control rats ( n= 8) and rats subjected to bilateral subdiaphragmal vagotomy (VX; n = 9) were injected with 100 μg/kg ip LPS at the beginning of the dark period. Sleep and brain temperature (Tbr) were recorded for 23 h after the injections. LPS caused increases in non-rapid eye m...